Revolutionary Breakthrough in EV Battery Technology
Claims of revolutionary breakthroughs in EV battery technology come and go on a frequent basis. However, it seems that Stellantis has made a significant stride with lithium-sulphur technology. This new technology promises to halve the cost per kWh, improve rapid-charging speed by 50%, and significantly reduce weight. Stellantis has set a target for these new batteries to power its vehicles by 2030.
Collaborating with Texas-based Zeta Energy, Stellantis is at the forefront of developing lithium-sulphur batteries. Zeta Energy, founded in 2014 with a focus on lithium-sulphur batteries, has been dedicated to advancing this technology for years.
The key advantage of the new battery lies in its gravimetric energy density, which determines the amount of energy it can store for its weight. Current lithium ion batteries vary in energy density based on the materials used. The choice of materials not only impacts energy density but also environmental sustainability.
Common types of batteries today include lithium-iron-phosphate and nickel-manganese-cobalt. While NMC batteries offer higher energy density, LFP batteries are known for their safety and longevity, utilizing more cost-effective and environmentally friendly elements. Lithium-sulphur batteries combine the best of both worlds without the need for nickel, manganese, cobalt, or graphite.
The key difference lies in the cathode and anode chemistry of each battery cell. With Zeta Energy’s lithium-sulphur battery, the cathode is based on sulphurised carbon materials, providing stability and superior performance compared to traditional metal-based cathodes.
One of the challenges with lithium metal anodes in early prototype batteries was the growth of dendrites, which could lead to short circuits and battery failure. The lithium-sulphur battery tackles this issue with metallic anodes consisting of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes, preventing dendrite formation and ensuring long-lasting performance.
With battery packs accounting for a significant portion of an EV’s cost, the potential cost savings from the new lithium-sulphur battery technology could make EVs more affordable for consumers. In addition to this innovation, Stellantis recently announced a £3.4 billion joint venture with CATL to build an LFP factory in Zaragoza, Spain, further solidifying its commitment to sustainable and efficient battery technology.
